Due to the nature of these places, petrochemicals and gas processing centers are always one of the vulnerable environments against fire, which has potentially large social, political, financial and environmental effects, which is why there are always many concerns. There is fire safety in these places. Since the creation of a flame in petrochemical or gas processing centers can cause the sudden production of a large level of heat, so the potential of these places for the spread of fire is very high and significant. The effects of fire in petrochemicals can be very destructive and irreparable, for example, the fire caused in the British oil terminal in 2005 can be mentioned. The start of the fire in this oil terminal caused 20 large oil storage tanks to be exposed to fire due to an explosion, and as a result, the fire spread in an incredible way, which could be heard up to 200 kilometers away, and about 244 people were killed in this incident. They lost their manpower.
Another recent big fire, the fire of the Texas city slaughterhouse in 2005, as well as the 2009 fire of the Catano oil refinery, which can be compared to an unprecedented fire.The above examples show that the engineering assessment of the risks and, as a result, the provision of fire and explosion protection methods by an experienced engineering team that has also had many studies in this field can help minimize the consequences of such disasters. It is worth mentioning.
Hydrocarbon and fast fire is one of the most important and most common causes of fire in oil stations, petrochemicals and gas refining centers. Fire risk is caused by “fast fire” or “spray”. A jet fire usually involves a very strong flame created by a combustible fuel that is released in a straight path as a result of a leak or a defect in the fuel storage compartment.
This situation can cause a large level of localized heat along with an exaggerated degree of heat flux, which causes severe erosion of fire protection equipment, damage to steel parts of the building, and severe rupture of pipes and connections used in these centers. to be
The rapid fire properties of “Jet Fire” depend on many factors, including the type of fuel composition and emission conditions, and although there has been a lot of research in recent years regarding this issue, there are still many uncertainties about it.
Although the risks caused by it are easy to understand, it is not easy to predict the heat transfer process from the fire to the storage place. This is one of the reasons for rapid fires, and in fact, hydrocarbon fires are generally difficult to control by conventional fire extinguishing equipment, so that these equipment are only designed and built to extinguish a normal flame.
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